Blar i forfatter "Mækelæ, Martin Jensen"

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    • Are psychotic experiences related to poorer reflective reasoning? 

      Mækelæ, Martin Jensen; Moritz, Steffen; Pfuhl, Gerit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-12)
      <p><i>Background</i>: Cognitive biases play an important role in the formation and maintenance of delusions. These biases are indicators of a weak reflective mind, or reduced engaging in reflective and deliberate reasoning. In three experiments, we tested whether a bias to accept non-sense statements as profound, treat metaphorical statements as literal, and suppress intuitive responses is related ...

    • Can we reliably measure cognitive effort? On the relation of implicit and explicit cognitive effort scales and tasks. 

      Mækelæ, Martin Jensen (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-04-01)
      We tend to choose the action that is least demanding however measuring individual differences in the cost of cognitive effort can be elusive. We here report a set of five studies studying the relationship between four cognitive effort measures: the demand selection task, the cognitive effort discounting paradigm, a rationality battery to assess deliberate reasoning, and the Need for Cognition scale. ...

    • Deliberate reasoning is not affected by language 

      Mækelæ, Martin Jensen; Pfuhl, Gerit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-31)
      <p><i>Background</i>: Millions of people use a second language every day. Does this have an effect on their decision-making? Are decisions in a second language more deliberate? Two mechanisms have been proposed: reduced emotionality or increased deliberation. Most studies so far used problems where both mechanisms could contribute to a foreign language effect. Here, we aimed to identify whether ...

    • Identifying Resilience Factors of Distress and Paranoia During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Five Countries 

      Mækelæ, Martin Jensen; Reggev, Niv; Defelipe, Renata P.; Dutra, Natalia; Tamayo, Ricardo; Klevjer, Kristoffer; Pfuhl, Gerit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-10)
      The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has affected all countries with more than 100 million confirmed cases and over 2.1 million casualties by the end of January 2021 worldwide. A prolonged pandemic can harm global levels of optimism, regularity, and sense of meaning and belonging, yielding adverse effects on individuals' mental health as represented by worry, paranoia, and distress. Here we studied ...

    • Is it cognitive effort you measure? Comparing three task paradigms to the Need for Cognition scale 

      Mækelæ, Martin Jensen; Klevjer, Kristoffer; Westbrook, Andrew; Eby, Noah S.; Lima-Eriksen, Rikke; Pfuhl, Gerit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-17)
      Measuring individual differences in cognitive effort can be elusive as effort is a function of motivation and ability. We report six studies (N = 663) investigating the relationship of Need for Cognition and working memory capacity with three cognitive effort measures: demand avoidance in the Demand Selection Task, effort discounting measured as the indifference point in the Cognitive Effort ...

    • Perceived efficacy of COVID-19 restrictions, reactions and their impact on mental health during the early phase of the outbreak in six countries 

      Mækelæ, Martin Jensen; Reggev, Niv; Dutra, Natalia; Tamayo, Ricardo; Silva-Sobrinho, Reinaldo; Klevjer, Kristoffer; Pfuhl, Gerit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-12)
      The COVID-19 pandemic forced millions of people to drastically change their social life habits as governments employed harsh restrictions to reduce the spread of the virus. Although beneficial to physical health, the perception of physical distancing and related restrictions could impact mental health. In a pre-registered online survey, we assessed how effective a range of restrictions were perceived, ...

    • Teleological reasoning bias is predicted by pupil dynamics: Evidence for the extensive integration account of bias in reasoning 

      Mækelæ, Martin Jensen; Kreis, Isabel; Pfuhl, Gerit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-28)
      Teleological reasoning is the tendency for humans to see purpose and intentionality in natural phenomena when there is none. In this study, we assess three competing theories on how bias in reasoning arises by examining performance on a teleological reasoning task while measuring pupil size and response times. We replicate that humans (N=45) are prone to accept false teleological explanations. Further, ...